Structural and Facility Design

Structure design is a technical task in which the skeleton and elements of a structure are designed and calculated based on architectural drawings. Civil engineers from the International Presa Group are responsible for the design of the structure. The dimensions and sizes of beams, columns, braces and shear walls are specified in the design of the structure. In structural design, the expertise, experience and skill of the structural design team are important.

The structural design regulations for buildings consider limitations that must be observed in a structural design by a structural engineer. In our country, for reinforced concrete buildings, the regulations of the ninth topic of the National Building Regulations are used in structural design, and for steel buildings, the tenth topic of the National Building Regulations is used in structural design.

In order to design the structure, basic information about the building is needed, the most important of which is the phase one architectural drawings. Architectural drawings include spaces, column locations, axis spacing, floor heights, elevator and staircase locations, etc. The initial calculations and modeling of the building structure will be based on these drawings, and it is practically impossible to design the structure without these drawings.

Mechanical and electrical installation drawings are also required for the preparation of phase two architectural and structural drawings to determine the location of the contact points of the installation ducts and air conditioner channels with the structural elements. Of course, installation drawings are often not required at the beginning of the structural design process.

The first and most important responsibility of the International Presa Group in structural design is to provide a safe and stable structure against normal loads and earthquake loads. To achieve this safety, it is necessary to comply with the provisions of the building design regulations. Although most of the issues related to the safety and strength of the structure are contained in the structural design regulations, in some cases the structural design engineer must design the structure based on his own engineering opinion and knowledge. For this reason, it will be important to cooperate with structural design companies that have high scientific and experimental strength, considering the important fact that specialized tourism and food industry projects have their own specific characteristics (dead and live loads must be considered in these projects).

A good structural design is in harmony with the architecture and does not make the spaces considered in the architecture unfashionable. There are no structural elements in the place of windows and it does not prevent light from entering different parts of the building. The dimensions of the columns in a suitable structural design do not enter the privacy of industrial kitchen and common spaces. Overall, the structural design should not harm the performance of the architectural design and nullify the efforts of the architectural team.

Structural elements, including columns, beams, braces and shear walls, should be classified in the structural design. If the diversity of these elements is large, the executive team will have difficulty reading the drawings, which will lead to the possibility of errors in construction. The unification and classification of structural sections is one of the duties of the structural design company. The structural experts of the international engineering group of Persa Design and Construction are obliged to reduce the amount of materials used in the structural design as much as possible, despite observing all the above, especially the regulations and building safety, so as not to cause the building builder to incur additional and unnecessary costs.

Structural calculation and design (industrial calculation):

After the architectural design is finalized, structural calculations must be performed for implementation and construction. Structural calculations in this section have a significant difference from general structural calculations. Structural coefficients in storage sections, heavy machinery, openings, etc. must be calculated. The drawings delivered by the structural team in this section include the following:

• Foundation execution plan (including plan, details, sections).
• Column placement plan map (column placement).
• Building beam plan map.
• Required execution details for column classification (column section specifications).
• Roof, beam and bridge classification (beam section specifications) with appropriate scale.
• All items are carried out through the following process:

• Modeling and loading (based on codes 2800 and 519 and topic 6 of the National Building Code).
• Analysis and design based on AISC codes using ETABS 9.5 software